Glossary
Cryptocurrency
16/04/2026
Cryptocurrency is a form of digital money that uses cryptography to secure transactions and control the creation of new units. Instead of being issued by a government or bank, most cryptocurrencies run on decentralized blockchains maintained by distributed networks of participants.
Bitcoin, launched in 2009, was the first cryptocurrency. Today thousands exist, each with different goals, consensus mechanisms, and use cases.
Key properties
- Decentralized — no single entity controls the network
- Immutable — confirmed transactions cannot be reversed
- Transparent — all transactions are publicly visible
- Borderless — can be sent anywhere without intermediaries
- Scarce — most cryptocurrencies have a capped or predictable supply
Types
| Type | Description | Examples |
|---|---|---|
| Layer 1 coins | Native currency of a blockchain | BTC, ETH, LTC, KAS |
| Tokens | Built on an existing blockchain | USDT, SHIB |
| Stablecoins | Pegged to a fiat currency | USDT, USDC |
Cryptocurrency and mining
Proof of Work cryptocurrencies are secured by miners who contribute computational power and earn block rewards. This is how new Bitcoin, Litecoin, Kaspa, and other mineable coins enter circulation.
